Menene Kewayawa Inertial?
Tushen Kewayawa Inertial
Tushen ƙa'idodin kewayawa inertial sun yi daidai da na sauran hanyoyin kewayawa. Ya dogara da samun mahimman bayanai, ciki har da matsayi na farko, ƙaddamarwa na farko, jagora da daidaitawar motsi a kowane lokaci, da kuma ci gaba da haɗa waɗannan bayanai (mai kama da ayyukan haɗakar lissafi) don ƙayyade daidaitattun sigogi na kewayawa, kamar daidaitawa da matsayi.
Matsayin na'urori masu auna firikwensin a Kewayawa marar amfani
Don samun daidaiton halin yanzu (halayen) da bayanin matsayi na abu mai motsi, tsarin kewayawa inertial yana amfani da saitin na'urori masu auna firikwensin, da farko ya ƙunshi na'urori masu accelerometers da gyroscopes. Waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna auna saurin kusurwa da haɓakar mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin firam ɗin inertial. Ana haɗa bayanan kuma ana sarrafa su cikin lokaci don samun saurin gudu da bayanan matsayi na dangi. Daga bisani, an canza wannan bayanin zuwa tsarin haɗin kai na kewayawa, tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da bayanan matsayi na farko, yana ƙarewa a cikin ƙaddarar wurin da ake ciki na yanzu.
Ka'idodin Aiki na Tsarukan Kewayawa Mai Sauƙi
Tsarin kewayawa mara amfani yana aiki azaman mai ɗaukar kansa, tsarin kewayawa rufaffiyar madauki na ciki. Ba sa dogara ga sabunta bayanan waje na ainihin lokaci don gyara kurakurai yayin motsin mai ɗaukar kaya. Don haka, tsarin kewayawa mara ƙarfi ɗaya ya dace da ayyukan kewayawa na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Don ayyuka na dogon lokaci, dole ne a haɗa shi tare da wasu hanyoyin kewayawa, kamar tsarin kewayawa na tushen tauraron dan adam, don gyara kurakuran ciki da aka tara lokaci-lokaci.
Boyewar Kewayawa marar amfani
A cikin fasahohin kewayawa na zamani, gami da kewayawa sama, kewayawa tauraron dan adam, da kewayawa rediyo, kewayawa inertial ya fito a matsayin mai cin gashin kansa. Ba ya fitar da sigina zuwa yanayin waje kuma baya dogara da abubuwa na sama ko sigina na waje. Sakamakon haka, tsarin kewayawa mara amfani yana ba da mafi girman matakin ɓoyewa, yana mai da su manufa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar cikakken sirri.
Ma'anar Ma'anar Kewayawa Inertial
Inertial Navigation System (INS) tsarin kimanta ma'aunin kewayawa ne wanda ke amfani da gyroscopes da na'urori masu saurin gudu azaman firikwensin. Tsarin, wanda ya danganta da fitowar gyroscopes, yana kafa tsarin daidaitawa na kewayawa yayin da ake amfani da fitarwa na accelerometers don ƙididdige saurin gudu da matsayi na mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin tsarin daidaitawar kewayawa.
Aikace-aikace na Kewayawa Inertial
Fasahar inertial ta samo aikace-aikace iri-iri a cikin yankuna daban-daban, gami da sararin samaniya, jirgin sama, ruwa, binciken man fetur, geodesy, binciken teku, hakowar ƙasa, robotics, da tsarin layin dogo. Tare da zuwan na'urori masu auna inertial na ci gaba, fasahar inertial ta fadada amfaninta zuwa masana'antar kera motoci da na'urorin lantarki na likitanci, a tsakanin sauran fannoni. Wannan fadada iyakokin aikace-aikace yana nuna ƙara mahimmancin rawar kewayawa inertial wajen samar da madaidaicin kewayawa da matsayi don ɗimbin aikace-aikace.
Babban Bangaren Jagorar Inertial:Fiber Optic Gyroscope
Gabatarwa zuwa Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Tsarukan kewayawa mara amfani sun dogara kacokan akan daidaito da daidaiton ainihin abubuwan haɗinsu. Ɗayan irin wannan ɓangaren da ya inganta ƙarfin waɗannan tsarin shine Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG). FOG babban firikwensin firikwensin da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen auna saurin kusurwar mai ɗaukar hoto tare da ingantaccen daidaito.
Fiber Optic Gyroscope Operation
FOGs suna aiki akan ka'idar tasirin Sagnac, wanda ya haɗa da raba katakon Laser zuwa hanyoyi guda biyu daban-daban, yana ba shi damar yin tafiya ta wurare dabam-dabam tare da madauki na fiber optic na nadi. Lokacin da mai ɗaukar kaya, wanda aka haɗa tare da FOG, yana juyawa, bambancin lokacin tafiya tsakanin katako guda biyu ya yi daidai da saurin kusurwar jujjuyawar mai ɗauka. Wannan jinkirin lokacin, wanda aka sani da canjin lokaci na Sagnac, sannan ana auna shi daidai, yana bawa FOG damar samar da cikakkun bayanai game da jujjuyawar mai ɗaukar kaya.
Ka'idar gyroscope na fiber optic ya haɗa da fitar da hasken haske daga na'urar gano hoto. Wannan hasken hasken yana wucewa ta hanyar ma'aurata, yana shiga daga wannan gefe kuma yana fita daga wani. Sannan yana tafiya ta hanyar madauki na gani. Biyu na haske, suna fitowa daga wurare daban-daban, shigar da madauki kuma kammala madaidaicin matsayi mai ma'ana bayan kewayawa. Hasken da ke dawowa yana sake shiga diode mai haske (LED), wanda ake amfani da shi don gano ƙarfinsa. Yayin da ka'idar gyroscope na fiber optic na iya zama mai sauƙi, babban ƙalubalen ya ta'allaka ne a cikin kawar da abubuwan da suka shafi tsawon hanyar gani na fitilun haske guda biyu. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin batutuwa masu mahimmanci da ake fuskanta a cikin ci gaban fiber optic gyroscopes.
1: superluminescent diode 2: diode mai daukar hoto
3.hasken ma'aurata 4.fiber zobe ma'aurata 5. zoben fiber na gani
Amfanin Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
FOGs suna ba da fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda ke sanya su kima a cikin tsarin kewayawa mara amfani. Sun shahara saboda daidaitattun daidaito, amintacce, da dorewa. Ba kamar gyros na inji ba, FOGs ba su da sassa masu motsi, suna rage haɗarin lalacewa da tsagewa. Bugu da ƙari, suna da juriya ga girgiza da girgiza, yana mai da su manufa don buƙatun yanayi kamar sararin samaniya da aikace-aikacen tsaro.
Haɗin Fiber Optic Gyroscopes a cikin Kewayawa marar amfani
Tsarin kewayawa mara amfani yana ƙara haɗa FOGs saboda babban daidaito da amincin su. Waɗannan gyroscopes suna ba da mahimman ma'aunin saurin kusurwa da ake buƙata don ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun daidaituwa da matsayi. Ta hanyar haɗa FOGs a cikin tsarin kewayawa mara amfani, masu aiki za su iya amfana daga ingantattun daidaiton kewayawa, musamman a yanayin da matuƙar daidaito ya zama dole.
Aikace-aikace na Fiber Optic Gyroscopes a cikin Kewayawa marar amfani
Haɗin FOGs ya faɗaɗa aikace-aikacen tsarin kewayawa mara amfani a cikin yankuna daban-daban. A cikin sararin samaniya da jirgin sama, tsarin da aka samar da FOG yana ba da ingantattun hanyoyin kewayawa don jiragen sama, jirage masu saukar ungulu, da jiragen sama. Hakanan ana amfani da su sosai a cikin kewayar teku, binciken ƙasa, da na'urori na zamani na zamani, suna ba wa waɗannan tsarin damar aiki tare da ingantaccen aiki da aminci.
Bambance-bambancen Tsarin Tsarin Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Fiber optic gyroscopes sun zo cikin tsari daban-daban, tare da babban wanda ke shiga fagen injiniya a halin yanzu shinerufaffiyar madauki polarization-cire fiber optic gyroscope. A tsakiyar wannan gyroscope shinepolarization-cire fiber madauki, wanda ya ƙunshi zaruruwa masu kula da polarization da kuma tsarin da aka tsara daidai. Ginin wannan madauki ya ƙunshi hanyar juzu'i mai ma'ana mai ninki huɗu, wanda aka ƙara shi da wani gel ɗin hatimi na musamman don samar da madaidaicin madauki na fiber na jiha.
Mabuɗin SiffofinPolarization-Kiyaye Fiber Optic Gyro Coil
▶ Tsarin Tsarin Musamman:Hannun madaukai na gyroscope sun ƙunshi keɓantaccen ƙirar ƙira wanda ke ɗaukar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan filaye masu kiyaye polarization cikin sauƙi.
▶ Dabarar Iskar Sirri Mai Ninki huɗu:Dabarar juzu'i mai ma'ana mai ninki huɗu tana rage tasirin Shupe, yana tabbatar da ma'auni daidai kuma abin dogaro.
▶ Babban Rufe Gel Material:Yin aiki na kayan aikin gel na ci gaba, haɗe tare da fasaha na musamman na warkarwa, yana haɓaka juriya ga rawar jiki, yana sa waɗannan madaukai na gyroscope ya dace don aikace-aikace a cikin yanayin da ake buƙata.
▶ Babban Haɗin Kan Zazzabi:Madauki na gyroscope suna nuna babban kwanciyar hankali na yanayin zafi, yana tabbatar da daidaito ko da a yanayin yanayin zafi daban-daban.
▶ Tsarin Tsarin Aiki Sauƙaƙe:An ƙera madaukai na gyroscope tare da tsari mai sauƙi amma mara nauyi, yana ba da tabbacin ingantaccen aiki.
▶Tsarin iska mai dorewa:Tsarin iska ya kasance barga, yana dacewa da buƙatun gyroscopes daidaitattun fiber na gani daban-daban.
Magana
Groves, PD (2008). Gabatarwa zuwa Kewayawa Inertial.Jaridar Kewayawa, 61(1), 13-28.
El-Sheimy, N., Hou, H., & Niu, X. (2019). Fasaha na firikwensin inertial don aikace-aikacen kewayawa: yanayin fasaha.Kewayawa Tauraron Dan Adam, 1(1), 1-15.
Woodman, OJ (2007). Gabatarwa zuwa kewayawa marar amfani.Jami'ar Cambridge, Laboratory Computer, UCAM-CL-TR-696.
Chatila, R., & Laumond, JP (1985). Matsayin magana da daidaiton ƙirar duniya don mutummutumi na hannu.A cikin Ayyukan 1985 IEEE Babban Taron Kasa da Kasa akan Robotics da Automation(Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 138-145). IEEE.
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