A cikin yunkurin haɓaka masana'antar tattara bayanai game da yanayin ƙasa zuwa inganci da daidaito, na'urorin laser na fiber 1.5 μm suna zama babban abin da ke haifar da ci gaban kasuwa a manyan fannoni biyu na binciken ababen hawa marasa matuki da kuma binciken hannu, godiya ga zurfin daidaitawarsu ga buƙatun yanayi. Tare da ƙaruwar aikace-aikace kamar binciken ƙasa mai tsayi da taswirar gaggawa ta amfani da jiragen sama marasa matuki, da kuma sake fasalin na'urorin binciken hannu zuwa ga daidaito da sauƙin ɗauka, girman kasuwar duniya ta laser na fiber 1.5 μm don binciken ya wuce yuan biliyan 1.2 nan da 2024, tare da buƙatar motocin sama marasa matuki da na'urorin hannu sun kai sama da kashi 60% na jimillar, kuma suna kiyaye matsakaicin ci gaban shekara-shekara na 8.2%. A bayan wannan ƙaruwar buƙata akwai cikakkiyar alaƙa tsakanin aikin musamman na band na 1.5 μm da kuma tsauraran buƙatun daidaito, aminci, da daidaitawar muhalli a cikin yanayin binciken.
1, Bayanin Samfura
"Jerin Laser na Fiber 1.5um" na Lumispot ya rungumi fasahar ƙara girman MOPA, wadda ke da ƙarfin kololuwa mai yawa da ingancin juyawar electro-optical, ƙarancin ASE da rashin daidaiton tasirin sakamako, da kuma kewayon zafin aiki mai faɗi, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da amfani da shi azaman tushen fitar da hasken laser na LiDAR. A cikin tsarin binciken kamar LiDAR da LiDAR, ana amfani da laser na fiber mai girman 1.5 μm a matsayin tushen hasken da ke fitar da ainihin haske, kuma alamun aikin sa kai tsaye suna tantance "daidaituwa" da "faɗin" ganowa. Aikin waɗannan girma biyu yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da inganci da amincin motocin sama marasa matuƙi a binciken ƙasa, gane manufa, sintiri na layin wutar lantarki da sauran yanayi. Daga mahangar dokokin watsawa na zahiri da dabarun sarrafa sigina, manyan alamu guda uku na ƙarfin kololuwa, faɗin bugun jini, da kwanciyar hankali na tsawon rai sune manyan canje-canje waɗanda ke shafar daidaiton ganowa da kewayon. Ana iya rarraba tsarin aikinsu ta hanyar dukkan sarkar "karɓar siginar nunin nunin yanayi".
2, Filayen Aikace-aikace
A fannin binciken sararin samaniya da taswirar sararin samaniya, buƙatar lasers na fiber 1.5 μm ya fashe saboda daidaiton hanyoyin magance matsalolin da ke tattare da ayyukan sama. Dandalin jiragen sama mara matuki yana da ƙa'idodi masu tsauri kan girma, nauyi, da amfani da makamashi na kayan aiki, yayin da ƙirar tsari mai sauƙi da halaye masu sauƙi na laser fiber 1.5 μm na iya matse nauyin tsarin radar laser zuwa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kayan aiki na gargajiya, wanda ya dace da nau'ikan samfuran motocin sama marasa matuki kamar na'urori masu juyawa da fikafikai masu tsayayye. Mafi mahimmanci, wannan rukunin yana cikin "tagar zinare" na watsawa ta yanayi. Idan aka kwatanta da laser 905nm da aka saba amfani da shi, raguwar watsawarsa ta ragu da fiye da 40% a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai rikitarwa kamar hazo da ƙura. Tare da ƙarfin kololuwar har zuwa kW, yana iya cimma nisan ganowa sama da mita 250 ga maƙasudai tare da nuna haske na 10%, yana magance matsalar "ganuwa mara tabbas da auna nisa" ga motocin sama marasa matuki yayin binciken a yankunan tsaunuka, hamada da sauran yankuna. A lokaci guda, kyawawan fasalulluka na tsaron ido na ɗan adam - yana ba da damar ƙarfin wutar lantarki fiye da sau 10 na laser na 905nm - yana ba jiragen sama marasa matuƙa damar aiki a ƙananan tsaunuka ba tare da buƙatar ƙarin na'urorin kariya na tsaro ba, wanda hakan ke inganta aminci da sassaucin yankunan da mutane ke zaune kamar su binciken birane da taswirar noma.
A fannin binciken hannu da taswirar hannu, ƙaruwar buƙatar lasers ɗin fiber 1.5 μm yana da alaƙa da ainihin buƙatun ɗaukar na'urori da kuma daidaito mai yawa. Kayan aikin binciken hannu na zamani suna buƙatar daidaita daidaitawa zuwa wurare masu rikitarwa da sauƙin aiki. Ƙarancin hayaniya da ingancin hasken lasers na fiber 1.5 μm suna ba wa na'urorin daukar hoto na hannu damar cimma daidaiton ma'aunin ma'aunin micrometer, suna biyan buƙatun daidaito kamar digitization na kayan tarihi na al'adu da gano sassan masana'antu. Idan aka kwatanta da lasers na gargajiya na 1.064 μm, ikon hana tsangwama yana da matuƙar ingantawa a cikin yanayin haske mai ƙarfi na waje. Idan aka haɗa shi da halayen aunawa marasa hulɗa, yana iya samun bayanai masu girma uku a cikin yanayi kamar gyaran gini na da da wuraren ceto na gaggawa, ba tare da buƙatar sarrafawa kafin a yi niyya ba. Abin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne cewa ƙirar marufi mai ƙanƙanta za a iya haɗa ta cikin na'urorin hannu waɗanda nauyinsu bai wuce gram 500 ba, tare da kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi na -30 ℃ zuwa +60 ℃, wanda ya dace da buƙatun ayyukan yanayi da yawa kamar binciken filin da binciken bita.
Daga mahangar babban aikinsa, na'urorin laser na fiber 1.5 μm sun zama babbar na'ura don sake fasalin ƙwarewar binciken. A cikin binciken ababen hawa na sama marasa matuki, yana aiki a matsayin "zuciyar" radar laser, yana cimma daidaito tsakanin santimita ta hanyar fitowar bugun nanosecond, yana samar da bayanai masu yawa na girgije don ƙirar ƙasa ta 3D da gano abubuwan waje na layin wutar lantarki, da kuma inganta ingancin binciken ababen hawa marasa matuki fiye da sau uku idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin gargajiya; A cikin mahallin binciken ƙasa na ƙasa, ikon gano abubuwan da ke cikin dogon zango na iya cimma ingantaccen bincike na murabba'in kilomita 10 a kowace tashi, tare da sarrafa kurakuran bayanai a cikin santimita 5. A fannin binciken hannu, yana ba na'urori damar cimma ƙwarewar aiki ta "dubawa da samun": a cikin kariyar al'adun gargajiya, yana iya kama cikakkun bayanai na yanayin saman kayan tarihi na al'adu daidai kuma yana samar da samfuran 3D na matakin milimita don adana bayanai na dijital; A cikin injiniyanci na baya, ana iya samun bayanai na geometric na abubuwan da ke da rikitarwa cikin sauri, yana hanzarta maimaita ƙirar samfura; A cikin binciken gaggawa da taswirar hanya, tare da ikon sarrafa bayanai na ainihin lokaci, ana iya samar da samfurin girma uku na yankin da abin ya shafa cikin awa ɗaya bayan girgizar ƙasa, ambaliyar ruwa, da sauran bala'o'i sun faru, wanda ke ba da tallafi mai mahimmanci don yanke shawara kan ceto. Daga manyan binciken sama zuwa ainihin binciken ƙasa, laser ɗin fiber na 1.5 μm yana tura masana'antar binciken zuwa sabon zamani na "babban daidaito + inganci mai girma".
3, Manyan fa'idodi
Ma'anar kewayon ganowa shine mafi nisan da photons da laser ke fitarwa zasu iya shawo kan raguwar yanayi da asarar hangen nesa, kuma har yanzu ana iya kama su ta hanyar ƙarshen karɓa a matsayin sigina masu tasiri. Alamun da ke ƙasa na laser mai haske mai haske mai 1.5 μm laser fiber laser sun mamaye wannan tsari kai tsaye:
① Ƙarfin kololuwa (kW): daidaitaccen 3kW@3ns &100kHz; An inganta samfurin 8kW@3ns &100kHz shine "ƙarfin tuƙi" na kewayon ganowa, yana wakiltar kuzarin nan take da laser ke fitarwa a cikin bugun jini ɗaya, kuma shine babban abin da ke ƙayyade ƙarfin siginar nesa. A cikin gano drone, photons suna buƙatar yin tafiya ɗaruruwa ko ma dubban mita ta cikin yanayi, wanda zai iya haifar da raguwa saboda watsawar Rayleigh da shaƙar iska (kodayake band na 1.5 μm na cikin "tagar yanayi", har yanzu akwai raguwar da ke tattare da shi). A lokaci guda, hasken saman da aka yi niyya (kamar bambance-bambance a cikin shuke-shuke, ƙarfe, da duwatsu) shima na iya haifar da asarar sigina. Idan aka ƙara ƙarfin kololuwar, ko da bayan raguwar nesa da asarar haske, adadin photons da suka isa ƙarshen karɓa har yanzu zai iya cika "ƙa'idar rabon sigina zuwa hayaniya", ta haka ne za a faɗaɗa kewayon ganowa - misali, ta hanyar ƙara ƙarfin kololuwar laser fiber na 1.5 μm daga 1kW zuwa 5kW, a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi iri ɗaya, ana iya faɗaɗa kewayon gano abubuwan da ke nuna haske na 10% daga mita 200 zuwa mita 350, wanda ke magance matsalar "rashin iya auna nisa" kai tsaye a cikin manyan yanayi na bincike kamar yankunan tsaunuka da hamada don jiragen sama marasa matuƙa.
② Faɗin bugun jini (ns): ana iya daidaitawa daga 1 zuwa 10ns. Samfurin da aka saba amfani da shi yana da cikakken zafin jiki (-40~85 ℃) faɗin bugun jini na ≤ 0.5ns; ƙari, yana iya isa ga cikakken zafin jiki (-40~85 ℃) faɗin bugun jini na ≤ 0.2ns. Wannan alamar ita ce "ma'aunin lokaci" na daidaiton nisa, yana wakiltar tsawon lokacin bugun laser. Ka'idar lissafin nisa don gano drone ita ce "nisa=(gudun haske x bugun jini lokacin dawowa)/2", don haka faɗin bugun jini kai tsaye yana ƙayyade "daidaiton auna lokaci". Lokacin da aka rage faɗin bugun jini, "kaifi lokaci" na bugun jini yana ƙaruwa, kuma kuskuren lokaci tsakanin "lokacin fitar da bugun jini" da "lokacin karɓar bugun jini da aka nuna" a ƙarshen karɓa zai ragu sosai.
③ Kwanciyar hankali: a cikin 1pm/℃, faɗin layin a cikakken zafin jiki na 0.128nm shine "angaren daidaito" a ƙarƙashin tsangwama ga muhalli, da kuma canjin yanayin tsawon fitowar laser tare da canje-canjen zafin jiki da ƙarfin lantarki. Tsarin ganowa a cikin rukunin tsawon tsayi na 1.5 μm yawanci yana amfani da fasahar "karɓar bambancin raƙuman ruwa" ko fasahar "interferometry" don inganta daidaito, kuma canjin tsawon tsayi na iya haifar da karkacewar ma'aunin auna kai tsaye - misali, lokacin da jirgin sama mara matuki ke aiki a babban tsayi, zafin jiki na yanayi na iya tashi daga -10 ℃ zuwa 30 ℃. Idan ma'aunin zafin tsayi na laser fiber na 1.5 μm shine 5pm/℃, tsawon tsayin zai canza da 200pm, kuma kuskuren auna nisa mai dacewa zai ƙaru da milimita 0.3 (wanda aka samo daga dabarar daidaitawa tsakanin tsawon tsayi da saurin haske). Musamman a cikin sintiri na layin wutar lantarki na ababen hawa na sama marasa matuki, ana buƙatar auna ma'auni daidai kamar sutturar waya da nisan layin tsakanin. Tsawon tsayi mara tabbas na iya haifar da karkacewar bayanai da tasirin kimanta amincin layi; Laser mai tsawon μm 1.5 ta amfani da fasahar kulle tsawon rai zai iya sarrafa daidaiton tsawon rai a cikin 1pm/℃, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gano matakin santimita koda lokacin da canjin zafin jiki ya faru.
④ Haɗin kai tsakanin masu nuna alama: "Mai daidaitawa" tsakanin daidaito da kewayon a cikin yanayin gano drone na ainihi, inda masu nuna alama ba sa aiki da kansu, amma suna da alaƙar haɗin gwiwa ko takura. Misali, ƙara ƙarfin kololuwa na iya faɗaɗa kewayon ganowa, amma ya zama dole a sarrafa faɗin bugun don guje wa raguwar daidaito (ana buƙatar cimma daidaiton "babban ƙarfi + kunkuntar bugun jini" ta hanyar fasahar matse bugun jini); Inganta ingancin katako na iya inganta kewayon da daidaito a lokaci guda (yawan hasken yana rage ɓatar da kuzari da tsangwama sakamakon tasirin haske a wurare masu nisa). Fa'idar laser fiber na 1.5 μm tana cikin ikonsa na cimma ingantaccen haɗin gwiwa na "babban ƙarfin kololuwa (1-10 kW), faɗin bugun jini mai kunkuntar (1-10 ns), ingancin katako mai girma (M ²<1.5), da kwanciyar hankali mai tsayi (<1pm/℃)" ta hanyar halayen ƙarancin asara na kafofin watsa labarai na fiber da fasahar daidaita bugun jini. Wannan ya cimma nasara biyu ta "nisa mai nisa (mita 300-500)+ babban daidaito (matakin santimita)" a cikin gano jiragen sama marasa matuki, wanda kuma shine babban gasarsa wajen maye gurbin lasers na gargajiya na 905nm da 1064nm a cikin binciken ababen hawa marasa matuki, ceto gaggawa da sauran yanayi.
Ana iya keɓancewa
✅ Bukatun rage zafin jiki na faɗaɗa bugun jini da faɗin bugun jini
✅ Nau'in fitarwa & reshen fitarwa
✅ Rabon raba rassan haske mai ma'ana
✅ Matsakaicin daidaiton wutar lantarki
✅ Bukatar wurin zama
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-28-2025