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A zamanin ci gaban fasaha mai ban mamaki, tsarin kewayawa ya fito a matsayin ginshiƙai na asali, wanda ke haifar da ci gaba da yawa, musamman a fannoni masu mahimmanci. Tafiya daga tsarin kewayawa na sama zuwa Tsarin Navigation na Inertial (INS) mai cike da ƙwarewa ya nuna ƙoƙarin ɗan adam na bincike da gano daidaito. Wannan bincike ya zurfafa cikin dabarun INS masu rikitarwa, yana bincika fasahar zamani ta Fiber Optic Gyroscopes (FOGs) da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da Polarization ke takawa wajen Kula da Zare.
Kashi na 1: Bayyana Tsarin Navigation na Inertial (INS):
Tsarin Navigation na Inertial (INS) ya shahara a matsayin kayan taimakon kewayawa mai zaman kansa, wanda ke ƙididdige matsayin abin hawa, yanayinsa, da saurinsa, ba tare da la'akari da alamun waje ba. Waɗannan tsarin suna daidaita motsin da na'urori masu auna juyawa, suna haɗuwa ba tare da wata matsala ba tare da la'akari da samfuran lissafi don saurin farko, matsayi, da yanayinsa ba.
INS mai kama da na archetypal ya ƙunshi abubuwa uku masu mahimmanci:
· Na'urorin auna saurin gudu: Waɗannan muhimman abubuwa suna yin rijistar saurin gudu na abin hawa, suna fassara motsi zuwa bayanai masu aunawa.
· Na'urorin hangen nesa na gyroscopes: Haɗaɗɗen tsari don tantance saurin kusurwa, waɗannan abubuwan suna da mahimmanci don daidaita tsarin.
· Module na Kwamfuta: Cibiyar jijiyoyi ta INS, tana sarrafa bayanai masu fuskoki da yawa don samar da nazarin matsayi na ainihin lokaci.
Kariyar INS ga katsewar da ke faruwa a waje ta sa ta zama dole a fannin tsaro. Duk da haka, tana fama da 'kuskure' - raguwar daidaito a hankali, tana buƙatar mafita masu inganci kamar haɗa firikwensin don rage kurakurai (Chatfield, 1997).
Kashi na 2. Tsarin Aiki na Fiber Optic Gyroscope:
Na'urorin hangen nesa na fiber optic gyroscopes (FOGs) suna nuna wani zamani mai canzawa a cikin fahimtar juyawa, suna amfani da tsangwama daga haske. Tare da daidaito a cikin zuciyarsa, FOGs suna da mahimmanci don daidaita da kewaya motocin sararin samaniya.
FOGs suna aiki akan tasirin Sagnac, inda haske, wanda ke ratsawa a cikin kwalta mai juyawa, yana nuna canjin lokaci wanda ya yi daidai da canje-canjen saurin juyawa. Wannan tsari mai zurfi yana fassara zuwa ma'aunin saurin kusurwa daidai.
Muhimman abubuwan sun haɗa da:
· Tushen Haske: Wurin farawa, yawanci laser ne, wanda ke fara tafiyar haske mai haɗin kai.
· Na'urar Fiber: Hanya ce mai naɗewa ta gani, tana tsawaita hanyar haske, ta haka tana ƙara tasirin Sagnac.
· Mai gano haske: Wannan bangaren yana gano tsangwama mai rikitarwa na haske.
Kashi na 3: Muhimmancin Rarraba Rarraba Zare:
Madaidaitan Zare (PM) Madaukai na Zare, waɗanda suka fi dacewa ga FOGs, suna tabbatar da yanayin haske mai daidaituwa, babban abin da ke ƙayyade daidaiton tsarin tsangwama. Waɗannan zare na musamman, suna yaƙi da watsawar yanayin polarization, suna ƙarfafa fahimtar FOG da sahihancin bayanai (Kersey, 1996).
Zaɓin zare na PM, wanda aka tsara ta hanyar buƙatun aiki, halayen jiki, da jituwa ta tsarin, yana shafar ma'aunin aiki gaba ɗaya.
Sashe na 4: Aikace-aikace da Shaidar Kwafi:
FOGs da INS suna samun karbuwa a fannoni daban-daban na aikace-aikace, tun daga shirya jiragen sama marasa matuki zuwa tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali a sinima a tsakanin yanayin muhalli da ba a iya hasashensa ba. Shaida ga amincinsu ita ce yadda aka tura su a cikin Mars Rovers na NASA, wanda ke sauƙaƙa hanyoyin kewayawa na waje ba tare da wata matsala ba (Maimone, Cheng, da Matthies, 2007).
Hanyoyin kasuwa suna annabta wani muhimmin ci gaba ga waɗannan fasahohin, tare da hanyoyin bincike da nufin ƙarfafa juriyar tsarin, daidaiton matrix, da kuma yanayin daidaitawa (MarketsandMarkets, 2020).
Giroscope na Laser Zobe
Tsarin zane na fiber-optic-gyroscope bisa ga tasirin sagnac
Nassoshi:
- Chatfield, AB, 1997.Tushen Tsarin Gudanar da Inertial Mai Inertial Mai Inertial.Ci gaba a fannin Falaki da Sararin Samaniya, Vol. 174. Reston, VA: Cibiyar Nazarin Sararin Samaniya da Sararin Samaniya ta Amurka.
- Kersey, AD, da sauransu, 1996. "Gyros na Fiber Optic: Shekaru 20 na Ci gaban Fasaha," a cikinTakardun IEEE,84(12), shafi na 1830-1834.
- Maimone, MW, Cheng, Y., da Matthies, L., 2007. "Odometry na gani akan Rovers na Binciken Mars - Kayan aiki don Tabbatar da Ingancin Tuki da Hoton Kimiyya,"Mujallar IEEE Robotics & Automation,14(2), shafi na 54-62.
- MarketsandMarkets, 2020. "Kasuwar Tsarin Kewaya Mai Inertial ta Mataki, Fasaha, Aikace-aikace, Sashe, da Yanki - Hasashen Duniya zuwa 2025."
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Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-18-2023