Tare da saurin ci gaba na fasahar optoelectronic, lasers semiconductor sun zama masu amfani da yawa a fannoni daban-daban kamar sadarwa, magani, sarrafa masana'antu, da LiDAR, godiya ga babban ingancinsu, ƙaramin girman, da sauƙin daidaitawa. A jigon wannan fasaha ya ta'allaka ne da matsakaicin riba, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa. Yana hidima a matsayin"tushen makamashi”wanda ke ba da damar haɓakar fitarwa da haɓakar laser, ƙayyade laser's yi, tsayin tsayi, da yuwuwar aikace-aikacen.
1. Menene Matsakaicin Riba?
Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, matsakaicin riba abu ne wanda ke ba da haɓakar gani. Lokacin farin ciki ta hanyar samar da makamashi na waje (kamar allurar lantarki ko famfo na gani), yana haɓaka hasken abin da ya faru ta hanyar haɓakar fitar da hayaki, wanda ke haifar da fitarwar laser.
A cikin lasers na semiconductor, matsakaicin riba yawanci ya ƙunshi yanki mai aiki a mahadar PN, wanda abun da ke ciki, tsarinsa, da hanyoyin doping suna tasiri kai tsaye mahimmin sigogi kamar halin yanzu, tsayin iska, inganci, da halayen thermal.
2. Abubuwan Riba gama gari a cikin Laser Semiconductor
III-V mahadi semiconductor su ne mafi yawan amfani da kayan riba. Misalai na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:
①GaAs (Gallium Arsenide)
Dace da Laser emitting a cikin 850-980 nm kewayon, yadu amfani a cikin Tantancewar sadarwa da Laser bugu.
②InP (Indium Phosphide)
An yi amfani da shi don fitarwa a cikin 1.3 µm da 1.55 µm makada, mahimmanci don sadarwar fiber-optic.
③InGaAsP / AlGaAs / InGaN
Za a iya daidaita abubuwan da suka haɗa don cimma tsayin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa daban-daban, suna yin tushe don ƙirar Laser mai tsayi mai tsayi.
Waɗannan kayan yawanci suna fasalta sifofin bandgap kai tsaye, yana mai da su inganci sosai a sake haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe tare da iskar photon, manufa don amfani da matsakaicin ribar laser semiconductor.
3. Juyin Juyin Halitta
Kamar yadda fasahar magunguna ta ci gaba, samun tsari a cikin lamunin lamunin semiconductor sun samo asali daga hanzari, kuma kara gaba quantum da kyau kuma quantum dot sanyi.
①Matsakaici Gain Heterojunction
Ta hanyar haɗa kayan semiconductor tare da gaɓoɓin bandeji daban-daban, masu ɗaukar hoto da masu ɗaukar hoto za a iya kulle su yadda ya kamata a cikin yankuna da aka keɓe, haɓaka haɓaka aiki da rage ƙimar halin yanzu.
②Tsarin Rijiyar Quantum
Ta hanyar rage kauri na yanki mai aiki zuwa ma'aunin nanometer, electrons suna tsare a cikin nau'i biyu, suna haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar haske. Wannan yana haifar da lasers tare da ƙananan igiyoyin ƙofa da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na thermal.
③Tsarin Quantum Dot
Yin amfani da dabarun haɗin kai, an samar da sifili-dimensional nanostructures, yana ba da rarrabuwar matakan makamashi mai kaifi. Waɗannan sifofi suna ba da ingantattun halaye da kwanciyar hankali, yana mai da su wurin bincike don manyan na'urori masu ƙarfi na zamani na gaba.
4. Menene Matsakaicin Riba ya ƙaddara?
①Tsawon Wave
Bandgap na kayan yana ƙayyade laser'tsayin tsayi. Misali, InGaAs ya dace da infrared lasers na kusa, yayin da InGaN ke amfani da laser blue ko violet.
②Inganci & Ƙarfi
Motsin mai ɗaukar hoto da ƙimar sake haɗawa mara haske yana shafar ingancin jujjuyawar gani-zuwa-lantarki.
③Ayyukan thermal
Abubuwa daban-daban suna amsa canje-canjen zafin jiki ta hanyoyi daban-daban, suna tasiri ga amincin laser a cikin masana'antu da mahallin soja.
④Martanin Modulation
Matsakaicin riba yana rinjayar laser's gudun mayar da martani, wanda yake da mahimmanci a aikace-aikacen sadarwa mai sauri.
5. Kammalawa
A cikin hadadden tsari na semiconductor lasers, matsakaicin riba shine da gaske "zuciya"-ba wai kawai alhakin samar da Laser ba har ma don rinjayar rayuwarsa, kwanciyar hankali, da yanayin aikace-aikacensa. Daga zaɓin kayan abu zuwa ƙirar tsari, daga aikin macroscopic zuwa ƙananan ingantattun hanyoyin, kowane ci gaba a cikin matsakaicin riba yana tuƙi fasahar Laser zuwa mafi girman aiki, aikace-aikace masu faɗi, da zurfafa bincike.
Tare da ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin kimiyyar kayan aiki da fasahar kere kere nano, ana tsammanin samun matsakaicin samun gaba zai kawo haske mafi girma, ɗaukar hoto mai faɗi, da mafi kyawun mafita na Laser.-buɗe ƙarin dama ga kimiyya, masana'antu, da al'umma.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-17-2025