A cikin kayan lantarki na zamani da na'urorin lantarki na optoelectronics, kayan semiconductor suna taka muhimmiyar rawa. Daga wayoyin komai da ruwanka da na'urorin radar na mota zuwa lasers na masana'antu, na'urorin semiconductor suna ko'ina. Daga cikin dukkan mahimman sigogi, juriya yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman ma'auni don fahimtar da tsara aikin na'urorin semiconductor.
1. Menene Juriya?
Juriya wani adadi ne na zahiri wanda ke auna yadda abu ke tsayayya da kwararar wutar lantarki, wanda yawanci ake bayyana shi a cikin santimita-ohm (Ω·cm). Yana nuna "juriya" ta ciki da electrons ke fuskanta yayin da suke motsawa ta cikin kayan. Karfe gabaɗaya yana da ƙarancin juriya, insulators suna da juriya mai yawa, kuma semiconductors suna faɗuwa a wani wuri tsakanin - tare da ƙarin fa'idar juriya mai iya canzawa. Juriya ρ=R*(L/A), inda: R shine juriyar lantarki, A shine yankin giciye na kayan, L shine tsawon kayan.
2. Abubuwan da ke Tasirin Juriyar Semiconductor
Ba kamar ƙarfe ba, juriyar semiconductors ba ta da tabbas. Abubuwa da yawa masu mahimmanci suna shafar shi:
① Nau'in Kayan Aiki: Kayan semiconductor daban-daban kamar silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), da indium phosphide (InP) suna da ƙimar juriya daban-daban.
② Yin amfani da maganin hana shan kwayoyi: Gabatar da maganin hana shan kwayoyi (kamar boron ko phosphorus) a nau'ikan da yawa daban-daban yana canza yawan maganin da ke ɗauke da sinadarai, wanda hakan ke tasiri sosai ga juriya.
③ Zafin Jiki: Juriyar Semiconductor ta dogara sosai da yanayin zafi. Yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, yawan masu ɗaukar kaya yana ƙaruwa, wanda gabaɗaya ke haifar da ƙarancin juriya.
④ Tsarin Crystal da Lalacewa: Rashin daidaito a cikin tsarin kristal - kamar nakasa ko lahani - na iya kawo cikas ga motsi na mai ɗaukar kaya don haka yana tasiri ga juriya.
3. Yadda Juriya Ke Shafar Aikin Na'ura
A aikace-aikace na zahiri, juriya tana shafar amfani da wutar lantarki, saurin amsawa, da kwanciyar hankali na aiki kai tsaye. Misali:
A cikin diodes na laser, juriya mai yawa yana haifar da dumama mai yawa, wanda ke shafar ingancin fitarwar haske da tsawon rayuwar na'urar.
A cikin na'urorin RF, juriya mai kyau da aka gyara yana ba da damar daidaita juriya mafi kyau da kuma inganta watsa sigina.
A cikin na'urorin gano hoto, abubuwan da ke da juriya mai ƙarfi galibi suna da mahimmanci don cimma ƙarancin aikin hasken rana mai duhu.
Saboda haka, tsari mai kyau da kuma kula da juriya suna da mahimmanci a cikin injiniyan na'urorin semiconductor.
4. Matsakaicin Tsarin Juriyar Masana'antu (Darajar Ma'ana)
Nau'in Kayan Aiki Juriya (Ω·cm)
Silikon Cikin Gida (Si) ~2.3 × 10⁵
Silicon mai kauri (nau'in n/nau'in p) 10⁻³ ~ 10²
Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) 10⁶ (mai rufewa mai kauri) ~ 10⁻³
Indium Phosphide (InP) 10⁴ ~ 10⁻²
5. Kammalawa
Juriya ba wai kawai sigar abu ba ce—babban abu ne da ke shafar aiki da amincin na'urorin semiconductor kai tsaye. A Lumispot, muna inganta juriya ta hanyar zaɓar abu, dabarun doping daidai, da kuma ingantaccen sarrafa tsari don tabbatar da cewa na'urorinmu suna samar da ingantaccen aiki da kwanciyar hankali a cikin aikace-aikace iri-iri.
6. Game da Mu
Lumispot ya ƙware a fannin haɓakawa da ƙera na'urorin laser na semiconductor masu aiki da kuma na'urorin optoelectronic masu inganci. Mun fahimci muhimmiyar rawar da sigogin kayan aiki kamar juriya ke takawa a cikin aikin samfura. Tuntuɓe mu don ƙarin koyo game da sarrafa juriya, kayan semiconductor na musamman, da mafita na ƙirar laser waɗanda aka tsara don buƙatun aikace-aikacen ku.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-09-2025